Practice

                                           Chapter 10: Argumentative Essay                                               

Part I. Choose the correct answer.

1)      The following option is a way to organize an argumentative essay:

a)      Sentences

b)      Paragraphs

c)       Block pattern

d)      Outlines

2)      What is the information that contains an introductory paragraph?

a)      The first argument

b)      The explanation of the issue

c)       The thesis statement

d)      Both, answer b and C

3)      “_____________states clearly which side you are for”. The word that complete that sentence, is:

a)      Introductory paragraph

b)      Supporting arguments

c)       Thesis  statement

d)      Conclusion

4)      The outline following show one possible pattern for an argumentative essay:

1. Introduction
2. Body: 

                                                                                      a. statement

b. statement

c. statement

                                                                              3. Conclusion

This pattern corresponds to:

a)      Block pattern

b)      Point by point

c)       Normal pattern

d)      Cause-effect pattern

5)      “______________is a (an) _________ in which you agree or disagree with an issue, using reasons to support your opinion”. The words that complete the sentence are:

a)      Thesis statement, sentence

b)      Argumentative essay, essay

c)       Argumentation, paragraph

d)      Introduction, paragraph

6)      What you have to do to make an argumentative essay?

a)      write your opinion about a point of view

b)      give reasons to support your point of view

c)       discuss the other side reasons and rebut them

d)      Both, B and C

Part II.  Order from 1 to 6 the steps that are required to planning an argumentative essay:

_____ Decide whether you will use block or point by point organization. Then develop the outline

______ Review your essay

______ Write a thesis statement.

______ Research the topic to get ideas and supporting reasons

______Write your first draft

______Clarify in your mind what are the two sides of the arguments and decide which side are you agree with.

Answer Key

Part I:  1.C, 2.D, 3.C, 4.B, 5.C, 6.D

Part II: From top to bottom:  4, 6, 2, 3, 5, 1. 

  by Brenes , Pamela and Maria Mena

Three reasons why we shouldn’t legalize Marihuana

          

Three reasons why we shouldn’t legalize Marihuana

        The marihuana is a common drug in Costa Rica and in the world. It is a psychoactive substance that is commonly consumed by inhalation (smoking), and also is possible to use oral. This drug is human-related since 2700 years ago in Yanghai, China (Libertad Digital, screm1). However it has created a lot of controversy in all these years about its legalization because it doesn’t cause a physical addiction as nicotine; but people become dependent in a psychological way.  The marihuana shouldn’t be legalized for three simple reasons: brings physical problems in the consumer, it affects badly the mental health in the person, and finally the consumption of drugs will continue affecting the society.

        The first reason not to legalize marihuana is because it brings physical problems in the consumer. Some immediate physical effects of marihuana include a faster heartbeat and pulse rate, bloodshot eyes, and a dry mouth and throat; besides that it reduces short-term memory, alter sense of time, reducing the ability to do things which require concentration, and coordination. The chronic use of marihuana brings repeated respiratory problems, sinusitis, and bronchitis and possible effects on the hormones, liver, immune system, and brain.

          The second reason is because the marihuana causes mental problems as depression, schizophrenia, and psychosis. Also can cause a lot of serious problems of motivation, and it can be hindrance to apprenticeship capacities. According to a study realized by the Royal College of Psychiatrists 1600 of school-children, aged 14 to 15 for seven years, found that while children who use cannabis regularly have a significantly higher risk of depression, the opposite was not the case - children who already suffered from depression were not more likely than anyone else to use cannabis. And Three major studies followed large numbers of people over several years and showed that those people who use cannabis have a higher than average risk of developing schizophrenia.

       The third reason is because the consumption of drugs will continue. The legalization will promote to smoke, and it will be normal the drug use "By characterizing the use of illegal drugs as quasi-legal, state-sanctioned, Saturday afternoon fun, legalizes destabilize the societal norm that drug use is dangerous. They undercut the goals of stopping the initiation of drug use to prevent addiction.... Children entering drug abuse treatment routinely report that they heard that 'pot is medicine' and, therefore, believed it to be good for them"(Andrea Barthwell, MD). So consumption of drugs will be as a normal behavior in the society instead of became healthier.

        To conclude, the consumption of Marijuana can cause a lot of serious problems, from physical to mental problems, the legalization is not the solution to perform the people behavior. The lack of comprehension from the people about this relation is undermining all the efforts of prevention, and it affects the young people, negatively. Reduce the consumption of Marijuana is essential to improve health of the nation and education.

Citations

Alcohol and Drug, Treatment Referrals. “Marijuana” http://www.alcohol-drug-treatment.net/marijuana.html

Andrea Barthwell ,Former Deputy Director, White House Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) Chicago Tribune editorial. Feb. 17, 2004 The E:\ingles\Top 10 Pros and Cons - Medical Marijuana - ProCon_org.mht

Libertad Digital (ed.): “Una momia china de 2700 años llevaba tres cuartos de kilo de marihuana” (2 de diciembre de 2008). «http://www.libertaddigital.com/sociedad/una-momia-china-de-2700-anos-llevaba-tres-cuartos-de-kilo-de-marihuana-1276345092/»

Dr Philip Timms. Royal College of Psychiatrists “Cannabis and mental health” « http://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mentalhealthinfo/problems/alcoholanddrugs/cannabis.aspx» February 2009

SHOPAHOLISM IN CHRISTMAS

       Christmas is a beautiful season in the year, when families can share and receive love. But nowadays most people have lost the real meaning of Christmas and have become it in only shopping and spend money. This is the result from the publicity, the wish of have more things and low self-esteem in some people.

The first main cause is the publicity because it persuades the customer to consume more and more, with discounts, sales and others. Also show us that the more we give, more we are going to receive, provocating shopaholism in the entire society.

The second cause is due to the wish of having more, because in our society we are value for things that we have, and that’s why in Christmas with the “aguinaldo” people spends more for themselves, wishing having more than the others. 

Finally the third cause for shopaholism is the low self-esteem in some people. They shop and shop to fill the emptiness in their hearts with material things; however this is the time that more suicides came out.

To conclude we should not spend Christmas time buying unnecessary things, besides that we should be with our families and friends, bringing back our values of sharing and loving.

The Blind Side Trailer

Blind Side (The Michael Oher´s Life)

 

              The blind side is a movie that shows us the life of Michael Other. A person who suffers many critical experiences in his life and then by the help of a woman, he had a family; and he finally became a very important athlete in USA.

               Before he met that woman (Leigh Anne Roberts Touhy), Michael didn´t have a place to live because his mother was a drug addict, and the government took him and his brothers. Besides that, he didn´t have any academic education   , and the teachers of the school didn’t want to help him because of his bad grades. Also he was such a very shy person with low self esteem, he didn´t speak to anybody and always was alone. 

             After he met the mother of his unique friend in the school; she helped him and gave him a home. She gave a room, a bed, food cloth, and even a car; all this because she wants to make him part of the family, and of course the love became him a different person; in addition ,she hire a tutor in order to obtain better grades, in that way he could get a scholarship as a American soccer player in the Mississippi University.

           Finally his personality changes a lot. Michael became friendlier; he trusts himself and had a better self esteem. To conclude;  this movie that shows us the story of a poor and a lonely person without future, changes his life with love, compression, trust and help, to finally become in a successful athlete well known in the USA.

Globalization: spread of infectious diseases

   Globalization has increased the spread of infectious diseases because of the people moving around the planet, such as influenza H1N1, Viruses and HIV/AIDS. Fist the most known example: the H1N1 influenza, a swine flu, with such an impact that on June 11, 2009, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic in response to the sustained global spread of the virus.  And this virus spread for moving of people in Mexico and the United States, then spread almost all over the world. Another example was the West Nile Virus on 1999. It is believed that this disease reached the United States via “mosquitoes that crossed the ocean by riding in airplane wheel wells and arrived in New York City.” (The Impact of Globalization on Infectious Disease Emergence and Control, pa22). And finally one of the most deadly diseases the HIV/AIDS, which the WHO reports that there has been a 50% increase in HIV-infected people in Europe since 2004, showing that it is been spread faster because of the contact with other people in other countries. Indeed, no countries are safe of these diseases because of the traveling that the globalization allows the risk is always high.

Works cited     

“The Domestic and International Impacts of the 2009-H1N1 Influenza A Pandemic: Global Challenges, Global Solutions” Institute of medicine .2009, Inc 23 Oct 2010 < http://www.iom.edu/Reports/2009/Domestic-and-International-Impacts-of-2009-H1N1-Influenza-A-Pandemic-Workshop-Summary.aspx>

 “The Impact of Globalization on Infectious Disease Emergence and Control: Exploring the Consequences and Opportunities, Workshop Summary - Forum on Microbial Threats” The National Academies. 2006, Inc 23 Oct 2010 <http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?isbn=0309100984&page=22>

“ Introduction HIV and AIDS case reports in the WHO European Region” HIV / AIDS Surveillance in Europe 2005, Inc 23 Oct 2010 <http://www.eurohiv.org/reports/report_73/pdf/text.pdf

IMMIGRATION IN THE USA

Immigrants help the economy development in the USA; taking low-paying, low –skills, jobs and bringing professionals from different areas. For example in the USA Mexicans take low paid jobs which other people decline to take as construction industries, catering, and domestic service. According to News batch “because of their contributions, the overall economy is stronger and the wage level and standard of living of most native is higher”. Also immigrants who arrive under the employment preference” are often employed in occupations which are important, “About 30% of doctors and 10% of nurses are non- USA born” (J.F Barker, 2002). In conclusion, immigrants have and will continue improving the economy growth in the USA.

Works Cited:

J.F Barker “pro-immigration” Inc. 19 Oct.2010
“Advantages of immigration” Inc 20 Oct.2010

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IT IS POSSIBLE TO OVERCOME POVERTY!

clauses, adjective clauses, and noun clauses

                 Everyone knows that poverty exists in the entire world, no matter the country. Sometimes it is produced because people don't have a job, for overpopulation in the family, lack of resources, and others. But sometimes, this occurs because people become accustomed to charity, and they forget to keep trying. They just feel sorry for themselves and want help. However, there are people who had overcome poverty as my family did. When my mom was a child, they were really poor, and she was myopic too; so my grandfather didn't want to send her to the university because he said that she was going to be blind. But my grandmother always believes in her, and sends my mom secretly. Finally my mom became a nurse and was the first woman to graduate in the family. As soon as she was working, she could help her sister’s, and they also were able to attend to the school. In that way, the family became more professional, and they could have better jobs and of course more money by keep trying and believe in themselves.

Works– Cited

“Pobreza” Wikipedia. 12 Oct .2010 <http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pobreza >

Letter

Mr. Organizer

Globalization week

ULACIT

SJ, CR

Dear Mr. Organizer:

I write this letter to congratulate you for the intense week. In addition to, inform you about my opinion on the expositions that I assisted and finally some recommendations for the next globalization week.

On Wednesday, I assisted to "The impact of verbal logical in the context of globalization" directed by Federico Gutierrez and Ethel Pazos. Both speakers divided their time, so it was like two connected expositions. I could learn about the advantages of globalization and also about logical thinking connected to my language. In my opinion, it was a very good speech, dynamic and very substantial but I believe that Ethel was a lot of better than Federico because she could relate his subject with some experiences of daily living, so it was funnier and more supported too

Then at 4 pm, I assisted to the speech of “The Change”. In this case I didn't like the speech. The speaker was good, but not the subject; I think it was more for administration or companies because they talked how to survive the change on them and how to be prepared. I am sorry to tell you this, but such was the boredom, that I let the auditorium faster I could.

In general, the activities were varied and informative. However as a recommendation, I ask you to review subjects and if it is for a specific carrier don't send others because people get bored and maybe don't want to go to the rest of the activities.

 Sincerely,
Pamela BrenesEnglish IV

Global Warming, What are you doing?

We all know about Global warming is, but the question is: What are you doing, about it?

A lot of countries and companies are making recycling campaigns, TV commercials and others, because, they are trying to change the bad habits of people. And the most shocking thing is that people said to know about what is happening. But the truth is they are not doing anything to change it.

 For example in my case, I work in the environmental club in ULACIT and I can see how people run away when I mention commitment. Although they want to help a little bit, they just do not want to take the problem seriously. However we are trying to fight with that. We want to make people conscience about the situation, because it is everyone's problem. And we insist that people needs to start doing something to stop the increase waste and the contamination. Because this is the only way to stop global warming and finally to save our self's. Still, people continue indifferent. 

So, I believe that, for more commercials on TV, recycling campaigns and others that companies implement. The solution is in each one of us. We must change our culture, to not only see what is happening, but to do something about it. And we must start now, before it became too late.

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  one simple sentence, one compound sentence, one complex sentence (with an adverb, adjective, or noun clause), and one compound-complex sentence.

DOMESTIC VIOLENCE.. HURTS EVERYONE!

Domestic violence is a very common theme in our society, and it affects psychologically and physically not only to the victim, but also the entire family. According to Office of the Ombudsman, Costa Rica reports each year about 46 012 complaints of domestic violence, and only in march of this year quantifies a total of seven women murdered at the hands of their partners (People Daily, par.3 ). But this shows only the a little part about the real situation, because so many women are afraid to make the claim for fear of future attacks. For example in my family, my sister suffered domestic violence; it was only psychologically, and started with screams, words that make her feel less and others. She tried to hide it for fear but we clearly saw the situation. We kept long for many months, because her husband didn't let her to be with us. And we could not do anything in law because it wasn´t physically, and also because she didn't want to. So we all suffer in the process and mainly his daughter. Finally domestic violence is a very complicated problem, hard to live for the entire house, no matter the way of violence. We only can conceal and pray for this people, because they are the only ones that can stop it and do the right thing.

JUST ME...